
People and ideas together
Enabling a new generation of innovators and thought leaders
I am an independent consultant focused on technology. I engage with businesses in entrepreneurial transformation or growth projects.
Experience

- Sr. Director, Technology (Google)
- CTO, Datacenter/Networking
- Entrepreneur, multiple exits
- Coach/Instructor, Stanford/UCLA
Menu of Services
Startup Advice

- Startup Chat, Market fit
- Fundraising and Operations
- Hiring and Culture
- Board/Advisory
Cautious and analytical most of the time.
Bold when necessary.
Progress is gradual and deliberate. Regression is sudden and unexpected. Technology adoption is not linear.
Timing and decisiveness are key to business success embedded in my thinking.
CareerZ Cast: A podcast for students and early-career professionals building a successful and meaningful career in Technology.
On YouTube or any podcast platform. Help by listening, subscribing and sharing with GenZ in your life.
Previous Musings
CareerZ Cast Guide: Personal Branding – First Day in New Job
[CareerZ Cast audio podcast version of this article] What is Personal Branding? Imagine that you could, when joining a new team or project, be instantly trusted, respected and perceived as someone capable of doing the job. A strong reputation can deliver that and is particularly important in structured environments where you need to lead groups…
CareerZ Cast Guide: Entrepreneurship
[CareerZ Cast audio version of this article] What is Enterpreneuship? In the broadest sense, Entrepreneurship is the willingness to challenge the status quo and explore a different way of doing things. More specifically, in the now global Silicon Valley model of Entrepreneurship that spread across the globe, Entrepreneurship the ability and readiness to develop, organize and…
CareerZ Cast Guide: The Impact of AI in your Career
[CareerZ Cast audio version of this article] AI and the Future of Work: Navigating Uncertainty “What jobs will AI replace first?” This question has dominated conversations about the future of work. While some anxiety is justified, it is crucial to remember that technological advancement have historically created disruption, but also created new opportunities. The rise…
CareerZ Guide: Manager and Individual Contributor Roles
=> audio podcast version of this article Early-career professionals working on large companies soon or later will be faced to the dilemma: “Should I become a manager?” and this article discusses how to go about answering to that question. Is that really the right question? I am going against the traditional consensus that people should…
CareerZ Cast Guide: Is it time to quit my job?
=> [ audio podcast version of this article ] It is an important and complex question Work is a major part of our lives, providing income, purpose and identity. So the answer to the posted question is important, complex, and individual. For the purpose of this article, we will assume most readers aim for career…
CareerZ Cast Guide to Informational Interviews
=> CareerZ Cast audio version of this article What are informational interviews? While the term “informational interview” can be applied to different types of career-related conversations, for the purposed of this article, we defined it as a one-on-one conversation with a professional in a field you are interested in with the main purpose of obtaining…
CareerZ Cast Guide to Leadership
=> CareerZ Cast audio version of this article What is Leadership? Leadership is the ability navigate the environment and effectively move a group of people towards achieving a common goal. While there are certain roles (e.g. company executive, sports coach, army general, etc.) that are intrinsic leading roles within an organization, leadership is an attribute…
CareerZ Cast Guide to Job Interviews
=> CareerZ Cast audio version of this article The first rule of job interviewing Be your authentic self and apply to job roles that match your experience and ambitions. You want the company to hire you for who you are and your skills, experience and potential. But that does not mean you can just “wing…
CareerZ Cast Guide to Career Building for College Students
=> CareerZ Cast audio version of this article Career Building starts before getting the first job While I would offer similar recommendations to anyone, regardless of career stage, for the purpose of this article, let’s assume you are in school and will graduate with a specific college degree. You know what you enjoy doing, and…
CareerZ Cast Guide to Careers in Product Development
Careers in Product Development This post is intended for students and recent graduates or professionals looking into transitioning into product development. We discuss and explain roles in technology (hardware and software) product development, how they evolve in a company, and how an individual can naturally start as an engineer to build a successful career. Building…
What does Marcio do?
First Things First Thank you for clicking on that link. Your interest and active support is important to me. Before you get bored with this reflexive article (my accountability report after 90 days since leaving Google), my new answer to “What do you do?” is… I am an independent consultant focused on technology. I engage…
CareerZ Cast Guide to MBA Programs for Global Students
A Global Perspective on MBA Programs The Master of Business Administration (MBA) degree has long been a coveted credential for aspiring business professionals. While this article should be useful to all candidates, we are writing it mostly from the perspective of international students considering an MBA program hosted by an US university. For international students…
CareerZ Cast Guide to Navigating the Technology Hype Cycle
Source: Gartner Group Technology Adoption is Not Linear Bill Gates once noted, “we overestimate changes in the next two years and underestimate changes in the next ten.” The root of that phenomenon is well-documented in books like “Innovators Dilemma” and “Crossing the Chasm” and visually represented in the Gartner Group’s “Technology Hype Cycle” (graphic above).…
CareerZ Cast Guide to Managing Company Culture
Company Culture At its core, company culture is a reflection of an organization’s mission, vision, and values. It is the shared understanding of what the company stands for and how it operates. When well-established, culture drives how people think and act under pressure when the boss is not watching. When employees feel connected to the…
CareerZ Cast Guide to Transitioning from Corporate to a Startup Job
From Corporate Stability to Startup Agility The siren call of the startup world, with its promises of growth, and the potential to shape the future, has always tempted professionals stewing in static structures of large corporations. The transition from a corporate job to a startup is not merely a change of scenery but a paradigm…
CareerZ Cast Guide to Thought Leadership in Technology
Inspiring Action and Shaping the Future The ability to inspire others to embrace a vision and act on it is what we refer to as Thought Leadership. It is more than having good ideas or telling good stories, it requires you to be a credible advocate who does more than just talking. It requires you…
CareerZ Cast Guide to Google Internships
A Google internship is a coveted opportunity. It’s a chance to work on cutting-edge projects, learn from tech luminaries, and potentially set yourself on the trajectory of a full-time Google career. But how do you land one? You won’t find “secret tips” here, this page is just an effort to normalize my response to questions…
CareerZ Cast Guide to Job Interviews at Google and Big Tech
Google (and similar large tech), remains attractive workplaces for people working in technology, offering opportunity to work with smart colleagues, in supportive environments, and compensation often exceeding market averages. A strong emphasis on technical knowledge and cultural fit means that not everyone will thrive in this environment. This post does not share any privileged information,…
CareerZ Cast Guide to Navigating Early Career Choices
Marcio Saito’s career journey involved leading Google Technology, blending hands-on work in startups with leadership in global organizations. Early career choices should be seen as stepping stones, not lifelong commitments. Instead of aiming for a “perfect path,” explore different options, seek multiple mentors, and embrace failures as part of the journey. Career aptitude tests and…
Marcio New Directions – Update Mar/2024
I joined Google in 2020 and led the organization responsible for all technical platforms supporting operations, customer engagement and partnerships for Google consumer products. Since Oct/2023, been working on a time-limited assignment defining systems and platforms strategy for management of Alphabet’s contingent workforce until Jun/24. I am still interested in renewing my commitment (an L9-L10…
Marcio New Directions 2024
I joined Google in 2020 and led the organization responsible for all technical platforms supporting operations, customer engagement and partnerships for Google consumer products. It was the opportunity of a lifetime, and I feel very good about what the team has accomplished and the collective learning and impact. As that cycle closes in 2023, I…
Working at Google
I became a Googler in July of 2020 and since then I get questions from friends, ex-colleagues, recruiters and acquaintances on how to get a job at Google. You won’t find “secret tips” here, this page is just an effort to normalize my response to those requests with publicly available helpful information. Internships Internships at…
On joining Google
It was 1999 when this loop started. Cyclades had helped the first generation of Internet companies (notably, Yahoo!) to figure out how to manage large Internet data centers and Google called us as they prepared to build some very large ones. It quickly became our largest customer (Cyclades was acquired by Avocent in 2006). As…
The acquisition of Opengear by Digi International
Three years ago, I joined Opengear as CTO, with a mission of setting strategies for company growth. For me, it was like jumping into a time machine and having a second take in the market space I helped to create 20 years earlier with Cyclades. Over this period, Opengear multiplied investments in product and technology,…
Let’s Grab Coffee
I believe in random encounters. I believe in free exchanges. But, before proposing we “grab a coffee” (meet or jump on a call), please consider. To ask an ad hoc questions – Use LinkedIn Messages or email To connect or network – Use LinkedIn To request advice or coaching – Check my Menu of Services If…
Thanksgiving and meaning it
This week is the time of the year when we in the US take a break from our busy lives to express Gratitude. I have plenty to be thankful for this year. Gratitude is a positive emotion we feel in acknowledgment of a benefit we have received. Saying “Thank You” is the way to express that emotion which…
The Launch of Graava
In 2015-2016, I joined Graava, a startup project designing a consumer camera. On Aug 5th, 2015 we run what was arguably the most successful (from a media exposure perspective) marketing launch for a crowdfunding HW project to date. We were hoping for significant coverage, but what we got surpassed all expectations. Graava was featured in…
How to think about my startup valuation?
I often get this question from early stage entrepreneurs: “How do I calculate the valuation of my startup?” The valuation of a startup is the value of the company at the moment when the first round of venture capital is raised. Valuation should not be the focus of the early stage entrepreneur. For more on…
Traveling to Cambodia – Phnom Penh, Kampot, Sihanoukville, Siem Reap
This trip on the first half of Aug/2014 was my first time in Cambodia. If you are reading this and considering whether or not it should be in your bucket list, I say: go for it! The impressions you find below are from the perspective of a relatively seasoned traveler who is used to explore…
2013 in review
The WordPress.com stats helper monkeys prepared a 2013 annual report for this blog. Here’s an excerpt: The concert hall at the Sydney Opera House holds 2,700 people. This blog was viewed about 11,000 times in 2013. If it were a concert at Sydney Opera House, it would take about 4 sold-out performances for that many…
Thanksgiving 2013
It is again that time of the year when we in the US take a break from our busy lives to express Gratitude (and eat, shop, etc). Gratitude is a positive emotion we feel in acknowledgment of a benefit we have received. Saying “Thank You” is the way to express that emotion which is the basis of life in…
The Road to Continuous Delivery in SW Development
(this post originally written for Daitan Blog) Once upon a time, people just wrote code and then run it to find how well it worked. Working individually, the developer was able to iterate quickly until the software was useful to solve a real problem. By the 1990’s, as software became more complex, it was broken…
The Road to Universal Coverage in Real-Time Communications
(this post originally written for Daitan Blog) It took more than 100 years from the invention of the telephone to the point where virtually every home in the developed word had a phone line. In the mid-1980’s the first cellular networks appeared and, 25 years later, we get to the point where there are 6…
The Myth of Fixed-Price in Software Development
(This post originally written for Daitan Blog) There are two rational reasons why customers of software development projects are still attracted to fixed-price contracts: Budget predictability Transfer of technical risk to the provider The title of this post calls that a myth because in exchange for offloading the technical risk, the customer usually assumes the…
Beer Tasting: A Visit To An English Pub.
A group of friends get together once a month to try different beers. I happen to be the host of this month’s meeting and the theme will be “A Visit to an English Pub”. England brews beer since pre-historic times, mostly top-fermenting Ales. Originally, a brew was an “Ale”. Add hops to ales and you…
The End of Telecom (as we know it)
(Originally written by Marcio Saito for Daitan Blog) It was early 1900’s when the telephone become a medium for real-time communications. It took us 100 years to build a telecom infrastructure that brought a phone line to virtually every home in the developed world. But that picture of universal coverage is changing rapidly. As of…
WebRTC and Business Applications
(originally written for Daitan Blog) In the past years, communications applications such as Skype and FaceTime have revolutionized how consumers use computers to communicate in real-time. Grandma talks and interacts with her grandchildren even when they live thousands of miles apart. Now WebRTC, an emerging standard for real-time communications, is gathering a lot of attention.…
Customer Service and WebRTC: A Technology Game Changer
(This was originally written for Daitan Blog) What is WebRTC? Why is it Relevant to Customer Service? WebRTC is an emerging standard to enable real-time communications (voice, text, video, data) directly on a web-browser running in any machine or mobile phone. It is like having ubiquitous Skype, but without the need to install any proprietary application or…
Top 3 Requirements for Agile Outsourcing
(originally written for Daitan blog) In the past decade or so the software industry has moved from waterfall to Agile Software Development methods. In waterfall development, marketing and engineering signed a “contract” based on a fixed scope of work (the “Product Requirements Document”) and embarked in a long project based on engineering estimates of execution…
A Sub-Atomic Particle walks into a bar…
A couple of days ago, Simon Allen, a friend in the UK got a “Neutron walks into a bar…” joke from Carla (from Oxford High School) and posted it in his Facebook timeline: This neutron walks into a bar, orders a drink, opens his wallet to pay when the barman shakes his head and says……….…
Dinheiro em Árvore? Nem no Vale do Silício
(in Portuguese, originally written for IVP) Nos últimos anos, encontrei centenas de empreendedores brasileiros visitando o Vale do Silício. Quando pergunto “qual o seu objetivo nessa visita?”, invariavelmente ouço “tenho uma startup, vim procurar um VC e tentar pegar um investimento”. Nesse post, eu o convido a visitar a California, mas também explico alguns conceitos…
Thanksgiving in a Social World
This week is the time of the year when we in the US take a break from our busy lives to express Gratitude (and eat, shop, etc). Gratitude is a positive emotion we feel in acknowledgment of a benefit we have received. Saying “Thank You” is the way to express that emotion which is the basis of life in…
Marcio Looking for New Directions
Marcio is looking for a new job or professional project. Let him know if you have or know someone who has ideas of what that project could be.
The Emergence of Collective Intelligence
When we observe large schools of fish swimming, we might wonder who is choreographing that complex and sophisticated dance, in which thousands of individuals move in harmony as if they knew exactly what to do to produce the collective dance.
Crowdsourcing: The Next Step in Enterprise Collaboration
Enterprise Collaboration Tools can improve the productivity of organizations by reducing the friction in the flow of information. This post argues that the application of Crowdsourcing techniques in that context is the next step in blending the best of traditional functional segmentation with the benefits of open collaboration.
Gamification for Kids, Collaboration for Grown-Ups
[This post originally written for publication in the Ledface Blog] Next time you are at a cocktail party, take a step back and observe. What do people talk about? How conversations evolve? When people meet for the first time, they exchange facts. They look for coincidences, they try to establish connections. “Did you grow up around here?”…
Crowdsourcing, Freedom, and Anonymity
This post reflects on the need of trust and freedom to create the conditions where individuals can independently contribute to a co-creation process.
Esse é o Ano das Mídias Sociais em Negócios (você acredita?)
“We always overestimate the change that will occur in the next two years and underestimate the change that will occur in the next ten.” Bill Gates [This post originally written for IT Web http://itweb.com.br%5D Perspectiva histórica: Email em 1995 era a Midia Social de 2012 Em 1993 eu já morava no Vale do Silício e comecei a usar minha primeira conta…
Co-Creation: When the Crowd goes Beyond the Experts
With Crowdsourcing technology, we will be able to solve problems, not by analytically decomposing big problems into smaller ones, but by presenting complex problem to the collective intelligence and let it holistically express the solution.
Nigerian Scammers Must Adapt to Social Media or Die
Nigerian scammers, offer millions of dollars and get laughed at. Facebook scammers, offer Cheesecake Factory vouchers and get otherwise smart people to fall for it. Nigerian scammers need to adapt to Social Media… — Dear Sir: My name is Mouhlac Hakzin, I am the nephew of a famous Nigerian politician who passed away in an…
3 fatores para Falar como Gente nas Mídias Sociais
[Esse artigo foi escrito para publicação em itweb.com.br] A melhor linguagem para expressar nossas idéias depende do canal de comunicação utilizado. A mensagem que funciona no catálogo de produtos, pode não ser a melhor para um comercial de televisão. Qualquer um em marketing sabe disso, não é mesmo? A verdade surpreendente é que não. Toda vez…
Monarch Butterflies – Santa Cruz, CA
Every year during winter time, the Monarch butterflies migrate from Northern areas and congregate around the exact same branches of Eucalyptus trees near Natural Bridges Beach in Santa Cruz, CA.
Thanksgiving, Social Business, Community
Gratitude is a positive emotion we feel in acknowledgment of a benefit we have received. Saying “Thank You” is the way to express that emotion which, I believe, is the basis of life in community. It recognizes the fact that we depend on one another to live, to be ourselves.
Minhas Partes Privadas
O mundo está mudando. Estamos evoluindo de uma realidade onde cada um sabe apenas o que é necessário, para onde informação é pública por default. Um mundo de transparência corporativa.
7 Ações em Mídia Social para quem tem mais o que fazer
Esse artigo discute o impacto da mídia social na sua empresa oferece uma lista de ações a serem consideradas por você, o empresário do mundo real, que precisa se manter a frente das tendências em tecnologia, mas tem outras coisas importantes com que se preocupar.
Half Day Tour of Silicon Valley by Marcio
This is a script for an efficient half-day tour of Sillicon Valley for San Francisco visitors who have a special interest in Technology.
Crowdsourcing: Knowledge Has a Long Tail
Why the Crowds will beat the Experts The history of human civilization is tightly connected with our ability to use language to organize groups of people to tackle complex problems and projects that are beyond the abilities of a single person. Today, most organizations in our society (governments, armies, companies) structure themselves in a Hierarchical Pyramid, with…
My Private Parts
When companies become more transparent, they will find that it is easier, not harder, to conduct business that way.
Solo Traveling in Canada – Hosteling, Technology and Photography
Highlights of vacation in Western Canada and thoughts on how the solo travelling experience is changing because of technology.
Symbols, Storytelling and Corporate Culture
How to manage the culture of the organization as new employees join and mesh with existing employees?
Por que ir para o Vale do Silício?
Porque todo empreendedor (Brasileiro ou não) deve considerar uma presença permanente no Vale do Silício.
8 Checkpoints for Customer Engagement
Only you know what applies to and works for your business, but here are a few points to consider when re-evaluating the way your company engage with customers.
Mirror Image: Hetchy-Hetchy Lake
Hetchy-Hetchy is Yosemite’s sister valley. It was flooded early in the 20th century and today provides electricity and water to San Francisco and areas of SoCal. We hiked along the lake shore for about 6 hours yesterday and visited some of its waterfalls. In the morning, the surface of the water was perfectly still, creating…
Business Decisions, Analysis and Social Media
When we switch from asking (Surveys, Interviews) to listening (in Social Media channels), does the data we collect become less objective?
Are CRM and Social CRM the same thing?
This is just me playing with the eternal terminology discussion on CRM and Social CRM while experimenting with an animation tool, with results that (at least for me) are hilarious.
Customer Service: Not Saving Transaction, but Keeping Company Promise
Customer Service: You are not trying to save a transaction, you are keeping the company promise to its customers.
Sales Presentations: Are You Hot or What?
Being able to deliver a good presentation is an important skill for a Salesperson. Now, beyond the basics, have you thought about how engaging you presentations are? Thinking about use of media and presentation style based on your goals is what make presentations effective.
Briggs Myers for Twitter People
[Humor] You can easily find your Twitter persona through fun comics. Are you a Social Media Guru? A Socializer? Or a Sales, Marketing, Customer Service professional?
The Boundaryless Corporation
A boundaryless organization is not defined or limited by it predefined structure. It embraces its customers, partners, suppliers and establish transparent relationships to co-create value.
Brazilian Churrasco for Americans
Explaining the “Brazilian Churrasco” to US Americans Today is Fourth of July, the day we celebrate Independence Day, usually by lighting up the grill and inviting family and friends to a backyard barbecue. (if you are Brazilian, you should read this post instead). I was born in Brazil, another country where eating meat is an…
Churrasco e Barbecue
O que o brasileiro tem que saber para comer carne nos EUA (if you are not Brazilian, you should be reading this post instead) Hoje é 4 de Julho, dia que se comemora a Independência dos Estados Unidos. E também o dia aqui na California em que se acende a grelha no quintal e se…
Was it as good for you as it was for me?
Adoption of Social Media by customer service departments is mandatory and can have a very positive impact on customer experience and bring change to the Marketing/Customer Service balance in companies.
Business and Relationships
What you can learn about social business in the Farmer’s Market Saturday mornings is farmer market’s day Guarulhos, Brazil, where I grew up. My mom is a customer of this particular meat stand for more than 35 years now. Last week I was in Brazil and woke up early on Saturday to accompany her grocery shopping…
Brasil 2011: O futuro aqui ou exuberância desvairada?
Impressões da visita de um Brasileiro morando no exterior a 20 anos em Junho de 2011.
Uma Visão Brasileira do Vale do Silício
Dois dias (ou décadas) no Vale do Silício Era um domingo em 1991 quando recebi uma ligação. “Quer ir morar na California?”. Em 92 me mudei de São Paulo, onde nasci e cresci, para o Vale do Silício. Vim para ajudar a construir a Cyclades (uma empresa brasileira que se tornou global), com a idéia…
Klout: Like.
This post discusses the usefulness of general social media engagement scores like Klout and Peerindex.
Direto do Vale
Para updates direto do Vale do Silício, siga @Marcio_Saito no Twitter ou monitore #diretodovale. 18/Maio – Depois de fechar a Flip, Cisco está tentando vender Webex e Linksys. [ingles] http://ow.ly/4XVgl
Social Media and B2B Sales – Change is coming
Last week I wrote about Customer Service and Twitter and argued, among other things, that first experiences with social media are not necessarily sustainable. There is unrealistic optimism that social media can solve all problems in Customer Service (and Marketing, of course). Now, when we come to use of social media by B2B sales people, we…
Customer Service through Twitter – Sustainable?
This post discusses the use and long-term role of Twitter and other social media channels in Customer Service.
The Social Media Protocol
This post discusses the protocol of social media communication.
social marketing funnel [graphic]
The role of marketing doesn’t end in Loyalty. Turning happy customers into Brand Advocates and then amplifying their voice is how marketing creates more awareness and brings new prospects to the funnel. Your opinions, please. [see very active discussion]
Customer Service and Free Lunches
This post discusses the importance of consistency in Customer Service, both from interaction to interaction as well as cross-channel
The latest E20 wonder: Inter-Dimensional Gate
This post discusses the fact that people and culture, not tools and technology, are the most important aspect of creating a collaborative environment.
How does Social Media Scale Personal Engagement?
This post discusses how Social Media can help to scale personal engagement in Sales and Marketing.
Social Media Campaigns – Market Segmentation
This posts discusses how traditional media market segmentation transposes to social media for marketing campaigns.
“Consumerization” – What is new with that?
This is just the normal process, we should stop being surprised with it The personal computer in the early 1980’s, email and browsers in the early 1990’s, Linux in the mid 1990’s, SMS and Social Technologies in early 2000’s. All technologies that would “never” be adopted by the enterprise. The alleged reason? “Security” All those technologies…
Is Crowsourcing Just The New Stone Soup?
On Tuesday morning, Ray Wang (@rwang0) from the Constellation Research Group posted in Twitter: Hoping someone will write a post titled, “Is Crowsourcing Just The New Stone Soup? I first became interested on the subject in the early 90’s in the beginnings of the “Open Source” movement. I got very involved in community development later…
Professional Services: What is your product?
The rationale for the theme “Commoditization of Knowledge: What is your product?” is provoking thoughts about the core value of professional service offerings and how that will evolve in the future.
Managing the Social Marketing Funnel
The funnel is no longer in your CRM database: it moved to Social Media Adoption of Social Technologies and the shift of the media mix towards Social Media is changing the way we look at the marketing funnel and customer relationships. What used to be a list in our business database system is now a…
Organic Leadership: Business from the bottom-up
This post look into leadership in the context of the organizational evolution towards more social business models, when customers, employees and other stakeholders are empowered by information and have more influence in the direction of successful companies.
Social Marketing Campaigns for B2B Marketers
This post discusses Social Media Marketing for SMB marketers in B2B.
Not My Problem
Ownership and Accountability are two different things I was scanning my Twitter timeline today and saw this post: @BartDeCraene : Without a culture of ownership, issues can’t be addressed. #custserv #leadbiz It caught my eye because it caused an apparent conflict in my mind. The post above matches my experience and intuition. At the same time, my…
Quora vs. Wikipedia – Q&A not effective in Social Media
This post argues that Quora’s Q&A format is interesting, but community knowledge aggregation will continue to happen in places like Wikipedia.
Analyzing is more than just Counting
In the past few days, I’ve had several great conversations in different forums that happened to share a common thread. “Is it possible or useful to analyze unstructured social data?” I argue that it is possible, but it might not be useful. Let’s start with Analysis. Analysis should be: Abstract – detached intellectual process based…
Can Old Dogs Learn Social Business Tricks?
There is broad consensus (at least among industry observers, vendors, consultants, analysts…) that companies need to become more “social” to remain competitive in the next years. “Social”, in this case, mean many different things but generally is the business response to both generational behavioral changes and adoption of social technologies, including social media, with its…






